Josiah: Let’s go back to the early 1800’s when Lewis and Clark first stumbled out of the mountains, cold and starving. What happened there that people might not witness in the journals? Allen: Well I think there are many things. Everybody assumes or the rendition of present history, in history books, assumed that we didn’t know that Lewis and Clark were coming, and they assumed we were just waiting along the trail for civilization to come to us. It wasn’t that way. We knew that these people existed; that they were a different kind of people. Some of our people even questioned their humanity; you know, “are they human beings?” When we seen them, we compared them to what was, I guess you would call it a prophesy of the coming of these people. They would come to us and among us, speak a language we never heard before, bring with them good things and bad things. And because they didn’t look like us, we questioned, “are they were humans.” And then the discussion went on and on and what we finally decided is that they must have some kind of human attribute because they are similar to us even though they have eyes like fish and they smell. And they do give gifts and they are trying to be friendly Knowing this that they we know these people existed, we knew that on the west coast, we knew that there were certain things that had been brought to us from the west coast that was traded inland to us and also from the east. There were many things traded to us from the eastern tribes. And we traveled extensively. How did we know about all these things prior to Lewis and Clark coming? We must have known those things because we traveled through those areas. We knew where the pipestone quarry was in the Great Lakes area. We knew that to the south it was always hot all year long and also to the north it was always cold. So we knew these things even prior to Lewis and Clark, and we were never given credit for knowing these things. And the way these things show up is in the songs that we sing and also in the prophecies and the predictions and the teachings that are told by our elders.